"Heart-Shaped Box" is in A minor, driven by a 114 BPM tempo, blending grunge's raw energy (88%) with haunting melodies. Notable elements include Kurt Cobain's dynamic vocal shifts, distorted power chords, and a contrasting clean-toned bridge. Produced by Steve Albini, it features a gritty, unpolished sound, amplifying its dark, introspective mood. The song's tension and release create a visceral, emotionally charged experience, cementing its iconic status in '90s rock.